Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Anthony has difficulty with eye contact, as he often repeats words or phrases and fixates on specific interests. He finds himself distressed by changes in routine and notices that he has sensory sensitivities to lights, sounds, or textures. Anthony is diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).  According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR), published by the American Psychiatric Association, the features of 'autism spectrum disorder' include:

• Criterion A: persistent deficits in reciprocal social communication and social interaction.

• Criterion B: restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests or activities.

• Criterion C: Symptoms must be present in the early developmental period.

ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition and can be diagnosed by age 2, with symptoms appearing in the first few months after birth.

What can Anthony’s family do?

1.     Contact your child’s doctor, a Healthcare professional, to discuss your concerns about their development.

2.     Seek a referral to a specialist: Child psychiatrist, psychologist, pediatric neurologist, or developmental pediatrician for an in-depth evaluation

3.     Access intervention services: speech therapy or occupational therapy and other support services.

4.     Be an advocate for your child: If you disagree with the diagnosis or the plan, you can ask for a second opinion from another specialist. 

5.     Find support groups: Connect with other families and find local resources by searching for support groups and services in your area.